A Detailed Explanation of C++ int Type: Definition, Assignment, and Solutions to Common Issues

In C++, `int` is a fundamental integer type, typically occupying 4 bytes with a range from -2147483648 to 2147483647 (these values can be obtained via `<climits>` constants). When defining variables, the name must start with a letter or underscore, is case-sensitive, and can be directly initialized (e.g., `int a = 10;`) or declared first and then assigned (e.g., `int b; b = 20;`). It is important to note type compatibility during assignment: out-of-range values cause overflow (e.g., `int max_int = 2147483647 + 1 = -2147483648`), and decimal assignments are truncated (e.g., `int c = 3.9 → 3`). Common issues include: uninitialized variables with random values (must be initialized), overflow (resolved by using `long long`), and precision loss in type conversions (truncation of decimals or overflow when converting large integers to smaller types; explicit conversions require careful attention to losses). Mastering `int` requires proper variable definition, controlling assignment ranges, and ensuring safe type conversions.